![]() For a review of recent historical literature sympathetic to the realist conception of the Cold War, 57–84, describe the Cold War and bipolarity as more or less coterminous. Oye, “Explaining the End of the Cold War: Morphological and Behavioral Adaptations to the Nuclear Peace?,” in Richard Ned Lebow and Thomas Risse-Kappen, International Relations Theory and the End of the Cold War (New York: Columbia University Press, 1995), pp. ![]() Wohlforth, “Realism and the End of the Cold War,” International Security 19 (Winter 1994–95), pp. Mearsheimer, “Back to the Future: Instability in Europe After the Cold War,” International Security 15 (Summer 1990), pp. Waltz, Theory of International Politics (Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley, 1979), and “The Emerging Structure of International Politics,” International Security 18 (Fall 1993), pp. (New York: Alfred Knopf, 1966), distinguishes between the onset of the Cold War in 1947 and bipolarity, which he does not believe was achieved until the mid-1950s at the earliest. Hans Morgenthau, in Politics Among Nations, 4th ed. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves. These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. The emerging evidence suggests that both interpretations are at best only part of a very complex story. In the former Soviet Union, the end of the Cold War is most often attributed to “new thinking” and is regarded as a triumph of ideas over dangerous and deeply entrenched institutional practices. Even before critical parts of the historical record became accessible, the received wisdom in the United States was that the West“won” through unrelenting pressure on the Soviet Union. Yet the end of the Cold War remains poorly understood. ![]() The indirect consequences-unipolarity, accelerated globalization, and diminished fear of Armageddon-were global and still reverberate through the societal groups, countries, and regions that constitute the international community. Both events had momentous and diverse consequences for hundreds of millions of people. Its peaceful and unexpected end was a dramatic watershed, as was the collapse of the Soviet Union, which followed in its wake. ![]() The end of the Cold War constitutes one of the most remarkable transformations of the twentieth century. ![]()
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